The formal politic and the social context: Roman Republic 1798-1799

The policy is always tied to the social context for every time, and in the Roman context, during the Roman republic break of the papal regime, that has had a very short time, but the collection of edicts, proclamations and the orders of the Roman Republic, is very explicative for this contextualization of the republican ideals, first the religion: “The cult will be religiously respected, hence every manifestation of the cult must continue without the change”; the French Revolution has respected the religion because the France of 1789 was deeply Catholic, therefore the prohibition of cult would has been very harmful for the Revolution; but a control was necessary also to the revolutionary, because the citizen was free but the control was indispensable, the trust to new man, this is the revolutionary, was an ideal principle but the policy want the control, inasmuch: “The ambassadors, ministers are invited to send to Major State the list of his compatriots that are in Rome now.”; a State must assure itself and its citizen, and in this context it was necessary for avoid the spies that could entered under cover; hence the ideal policy is much relative. Other proclamation is very contradictory, because in 9^th article it said: “It is expressly prohibit and for a pain of a tax, and a corporal pain to every citizens of Rome of diminution of their servant that they have now”, and: “For the citizen, that are emigrated, whosoever manage the owner goods, must pay and feed the same number of servants, that has had their masters, for the punition of confiscation of every goods; it is the supreme contradiction, because the Revolution had abolish the slavery in France, whereby in Rome it have to the same, why not? Simple, because the slavery was necessary to avoid the unemployment, and the future criminals, because then the food in Rome was low, in fact every province that depended from Rome, at last for the policy have to send the supplies to Rome; and the low food would not has been enough also for the unemployed, that without the salary of some lord would feed the criminality; hence the servant were necessary, beyond the ideal policy. The orders 4^th and 5^th for this supplies are very clear: “The orders given to Commands of French army, of to give the protection to the supplies that are sent to Rome, and it isn’t accepted nothing motive for the residents of the State of Church or of whomsoever that has slowed down the supplies”. These are alone some example of the practical policy that for every model, monarchic or republican must be attentive to the needs of the people, because the same people that yesterday has acclaimed today despise you, and the political man it knows perfectly. The last example, the article 10^th: “The home hospice, and the hospitals will be manage as to past…”; it can seems absolutely useless because it hasn’t importance, instead it has importance because during the 17^th century in Rome the hospitals and the home hospices were managed form the clergy; hence the religion was necessary also for the peace of soul and of the body; hence the laic ideal could now cast off, because the cures could be necessary also to the French soldiers, and the surgeries, then, aren’t, may in the clergy; whereby the practical policy was dominant.

Alessandro Lusana