Prompter

Richard was a writer with usual crisis, and he worked in a magazine very popular and without pride and nobility, a magazine for housewife that pass the day to read cuck up and after they told it to friends; he was very bored and disgusted from this life, and the moment better of day was when he ended his job and he could writer his history, very short tales, with different genres, adventure, love, philosophy, cultural, humanistic and other. From time he has usual crisis of creativity; he didn’t wrote something and was very boring; a Saturday, he was always earl raising, in front of his computer he decided to write, and he concentrated on the white sheet, he thought a tale, and begun to write, but after some line he deleted all and begun again; after some tentative an idea, a history of a teen, Alice, and he thought what tale he could tell; he seen the sheet that alone composed of lines, and he read these lines, that said: “Alice was a teen that attended an private exclusive school, and she dreamed to make the writer; she loved the past writers from ancient Greek to contemporary, she loved read and in hers school she was considered very intellectual, she has written from young age of 10 years old, and now she was 18 years old; some time she read again the first tale and she laughed about the poor histories that she has written, very dingy, but she has, then, alone 10 years old, hence it was justifiable. This history Richard read and read again, and after: “I am Alice, and I am suggest to you a tale, now you must follow”. Richard tried to write something but he was blocked and felt an absence of logic and of a history; suddenly the phone sounded and Richard took the receiver, was the editor that wanted know the level of the next tale because he has wanted publish his tales, Richard told to editor, George, that he was working very well and very much; while he spoke to editor on sheet continued the tale, and same Richard read what that Alice was writing, and in fact the editor asked: “What do you are writing now?”, and Richard: “I am writing the history of Alice”, and George: “Very good, who is Alice?”, and Richard seen that on the sheet shown a face of a teen, and she said to Richard: “Alice is a teen, as I have said to you, above told it, and he wanted become a writer…”, and Richard: “Yes, now I remember…”, and George: “What do you are remembering?”, and Richard: “I remember what Alice is saying to me”, and George: “Are you sound?”, and Richard: “Yes, perfectly, because Alice is saying me the idea”, and George: “Who is Alice?”, and Richard: “The teen of tale, she is writing the tale”, and George: “Where is Alice now?”, and Richard: “In computer”, and Richard: “Just moment I will call the police, don’t worry in jail you con write, just a moment”; and George broken the call phone; while Alice continued to write, and Richard read it. Then minutes after and the doorbell sounded and two policemen gone in apartment of Richard they arrested him and Bernard one of police men begun read the tale, he seated and Lionel other policeman called him, but Bernard was seated and continued the read, hence Lionel approached to him and he also begun the read, while Richard was waiting; other policemen gone in apartment and everybody read the tale of Alice, and to the morning, in 2 a.m., a district of police arrived to apartment of Richard, and also they read; finally beyond 150 policemen were guest of jail, and George, the editor, published these tales with name of author, this is Alice.

Alessandro Lusana       

 

           

 

 Portrait of a city: moral relativism

Jay McInerney(1955) in the Bright lights, big city is a portrait of a city, in this case New York, but the author a particular attention to daily behavior; after a night in a night club the protagonist, involuntary met a woman with curlers and a dog, that when sees the protagonist he become vigilant; the comment is: “It is normal for a dog!” and answer: “Certainly, but the description so accurate, and punctual that hasn’t importance in history, is a moment of mere realism”, as the scent from a bakery; as the description of emotion that every couple has felt during the first rapport, alone and already married; it is alone the prime experience that every couple makes, this is living together almost an experiment to tried new experiences and above all, consider if the matrimonial life is going to be nice, and the protagonist looked the windows of fourth floor, and the description translates what we can feel in similar episode: “Behind those windows is the apartment that you have shared with Amanda, when you was arrived in New York. It was small and dark but to you liked the ceiling…”, voluntary or no the author describes the emotions that in conformity Marcel Proust’s(1871-1922) code, that in his romances, La recherché, he described the emotions and images that are tied to some moment, and that we keep in our memory, and that reemerge when we have a experience as a scent, an image, a scene, a taste; it is the realism, mere realism, and other images: “You have had money to rent, your preferred restaurant…every morning you have waked with the scent of bakery. You gone out to buy the journal…it is occurred two years ago before that you have married”; I think that the author has took personal memories, that confirms what I have said, because the life that, after years, become mechanical, is so, the behavior of protagonist is portrait every man in the word, hence more than a portrait of a city it is the portrait of word. Other characteristic that if think, I have very much despise, is the use of sniff that the author describes and with very much particulars; it is the moral relativism of title; because the use or dependence of drug is mean of weakness, that during this romance is evident above all in meeting in night club or other places; but also it is life of a city. As is a involuntary meeting or overbearing manner of a crazy that has seat on knee of a lady, and around is indifference, the author describes the reaction: “Almost every passengers are looking the scene but they feign of don’t see”, it is behavior of whom will not problems. The attention of protagonist is took from a announce of a disappeared with description and painting, while the green of traffic light appears. It is more than a romance is a size of labor day. The following tale is a experimented realism but in job, and the author concentrated the attention of emotive dynamic, hence from external realism he took the internal truth; but it is always realism.

Alessandro Lusana 

 Medieval lesson

Michael awaked a Sunday and he was early raising, he opened the door and he was in a city that he didn’t know, where the people was very strange because they spoke a strange language and somebody indicated to him a build and he gone to it, he gone in and seated on the chair, and he heard the lesson, in fact the professor was in desk and he spoken about some difficulties of medieval documents: “The documents begun always to invocation to God, In nomine Dei(in name of God), after the date of document, this is the year, day and indiction”, and Carl, a student: “What is the indicion?”, and the professor: “The indiction is period of 15 years, that the notary used to date every documents, and after 15 years it started again”, and George, other student: “What is In presentia infrascriptuorum testium?”; and the professor: “When the plaintiff were present in front notary, their names have to write, with name of father”, and same George: “Why name of father, it is enough the last name”, and the professor: “During the Middle age isn’t the last name, alone the patronymic”, and Albert other student: “When were used the last names”, and the professor: “When after the reform of Luther, the Church wanted the registers of birth and death, that was called Status animarum”, and after: “The state or number of souls”, and other student: “Why they used alone the Latin language?” and the professor: “Because these documents were alone to notaries, as today if somebody has a document from a tribunal, he bring it to a lawyer, because the lawyer knows what is, and we must consider that then the illiteracy was a the principal character”, and Gerald, a student: “They have to not gone to school?”, and the professor: “The schools were alone to richness families, and the monks and priest made lessons to childes so that they learned the letters, but the poor families, have destined their sons to other jobs”, and a student girl Germaine: “Who taught to write beyond the priests?”, and the professor: “The convents where the childes were educated to Latin language, to theology and philosophy”, and same Germaine: “Why they have shown the vocation?”, and the professor: “No absolutely, the families were composed among much sons, hence it have to send somebody in convent, also to have the protection of God”, and Edward: “Why much sons if they were poor?”, and the professor: “because were necessary the hands to farmer job”, suddenly the bell sounded and it is meant the lesson was ended. The following lesson was to ancient Roman history, and suddenly the light turn off and after some moment it turn on, and the students were in senate of ancient Rome, in 64^th years b.Ch., and they seen a man that wore a chiton and he begun his oration through these words: “Quo usque tandem abutere, Catlina patient nostra…”; and Laura asked to a student near to her: “Where are we?”, and Andrew, the student, answered: “We are in Roman senate in year 64^th b. Ch., and that man is Cicero”. Laura hence to be silent and heard.

Alessandro Lusana          

 

 

A marriage

George and Annie were married from 12 years and as the couple, they every evening he read the journal and she was usually in front the television, by now were ended the arguments, the politic, the sport, that didn’t interested twice, some discussion again about the some comment about the discourse of one politic or major of a city, he was an architect and she a secretary, without sons, but Annie loved read and sometime, it was a need of communication to hers husband or alone the need of communicate to somebody hers feel or emotions; anyway they were a common couple, that has owner interest, Annie told the episodes amusing occurred in office or some gossip, as the director of office that was failed in love for a lawyer, young and very beauty and also very clever, but she have already a crowd of lovers to back, and she was interesting alone the law and win the lawsuits and neither, hers name was Isabell and she was very aseptic, somebody has never seen laughs her, she was high, tiny and very precise, and thank to hers beautiful she became reliable of lawsuit, also because she had two specializations for penal and civil right, and seems that nobody has fucked her, never, she has married to the law; during a daily hour of job, Isabell called Annie and she, very soon, got up and took the dossiers run very swift to Isabell, that was speaking to telephone when Annie knocked to door; Isabell enabled to access, and Annie waited that she has ended the call phone, Annie opened the file and Isabell read and she gazed a step: “One years alone?”, and Annie: “The director has said…”, but Isabell interrupted and commented: “No, absolutely here is necessary the capital pain”, and Annie toward the author: “You have merited it, and I am not sorry, actually I am very happy”, and the author: “Why?”, and Isabell: “Because is half page that you are telling about very much cock up, about the marriage of Annie and George, their jobs, their daily life, about my very well ass, but when we are going to say something? Shit!”, and the author: “A moment, I must describe…”, and Annie: “Fuck you!, I am here in job as secretary, and neither exist, Isabell isn’t because you have invented alone, George my husband is a coach of soccer and no certainly an architect, I hate the read, the last book that has read was…Isabell, what is the last book that I have read?”, and the author: “May…”, and Isabell: “Shut, talkative”, if you say other word we are going to go away, and stop, you are a pain in the neck, and stop!”, and the author: “Ja full!”, and while they are speaking, the author: “Can I bring to you…”, and Annie: “Fuck you, shut and must be shut”. Hence the author gone away.

Alessandro Lusana            

 

Artist in the history: Konrad Fiedler

During the past century it was usual consider the artist as a kind of human that lived in the his word, where he imagined and created, independently from other causes form himself; nothing was more false of this concept and idea, because the artist was in the history, in the town, in the word and he was attentive to gain an job, costumers and other; hence the artist was the human that was present in the history; its natural, following the comments, but a historical art man as Roberto Longhi(1890-1970), at last in Italy, was the idealist exponent, although didn’t declared, of this address, that has took directly from Hegelian philosophy, and the in literature, was exponent otherwise idealist Benedetto Croce(1866-1952). But we can consider that sometime also a historical art man as Konrad Fiedler(1841-1895), that was born and grown up in the moment influenced from Hegel(1770-1831), and his idealism he, in the principal book Uber den ursprung der kunstlerisschen tatigkeit, has ascertained that that the artist is in the history, and these words are the proof: “These stressed the rapport of man to word that surrounded. Because if every explication about the nature of creation of art are unsatisfactory, the unique hope of find a new solution to this old problem, it is to go back to rapport of man to the external word…”; it is certainly isn’t a daily problem, but purely intellectual and directly reportable to the critic of art; but who has read the art history during years and has read sometime, no certainly always, the ideal consideration of artist, it is an ease and surprise, because it preview usually that the idealization of artist is usual as false consideration. This new address of interpretation of art history, in opinion of Fiedler: “It want above all a change from origin in the conception of man to external word…”; it is further ascertainment of the artist is a man. I must also consider that this concept is repeated constantly for the book, and from original it become boring, but we must also think that the originality of this idea, then, was very important and represented a novity, because contrasted the dominant Hegel’s Idealism; and we can also consider that this consideration of humanity and historic nature of artist, Fiedler has translated in more interpretation, because he took the element of feel, this is sensation: “The human gender is able of sensations and perceptions, and he took only effects that he transformers to goods of conscience.”, it is the preclara indication that the humanity of artist, fortunately, is present and the artist, as everybody, is subject to feel and emotion, that he takes also from the society, that Fiedler not mentions but when he talks of artist in the history, he implied the society, hence the human gender.

Alessandro Lusana

 

 

In fabula

Robert was a writer of kind tales, and he was writing a tales and in the room, suddenly the dark failed; Robert among oaths, because it was occurred often, he got up from chair and gone toward the door, he opened it and he was in a fairy tale land; he very much amazing, turned around and he recognized something that he has told in his tales; he seen a dragon, an unicorn, a griffon, a phoenix and a siren, that he seen when he gone near to a river; Robert gazed hers and out loud said: “It is a siren, hence I am in a fable, as I written and I am writing, but it is very impossible, because dragon, phoenix,  and griffon don’t exist”, and the siren said: “We are here, therefore we exist, you think that we are alone mythology creatures, but we are in your mind, and whereby we are present here.”; and Robert more gazed the siren and after he looked the land, he seen a modest house, no very long, and he ran two steps and he was in that house, where an old lady looked him and said: “Finally you are arrived, because is very much time that I am waiting you, here we go again, also when you have to homework, usual you become unobtainable”, Robert gazed attentively the lady and. “And you was the usual pain in the neck, usual magister that you are always been, from the elementary schools”, and the old lady: “Because I have had some nephew that didn’t want make the homework, a guy, the name may was Robert, but you don’t know him”, and Robert: “No, I haven’t known, but may he was a saint boy, since he has bore you”, and the old lady: “Borne, I repeat borne, no bore, your clue is bore!”, and Robert: “Director, excuse me but bore or borne? It is same thing, or no?”, and the director: “It is borne but is same, anyway we can continue or no?”, and Robert toward the director: “Jack, just a moment because I need of bath”, and Jack: “Yes while we read again the cues”, and Robert exited from the bath and he seen the same land and siren and others animals, he was indifferent, he opened a door and seen the same siren, dragon, phoenix, and griffon, he searched some technic to ask something but nobody was, thereupon: “Somebody, please”, nobody answered, the land was desert and he seen the same house and he gone toward, opened the door and he seen the same old lady that repeated the same words, that has said in the scene, and Robert: “The cue was bore and no borne, I have it in my mind”, the old lady gazed him and he: “Helen we must begin again form the last cue”, and the lady gazed him attentively, and Robert: “Helen, are you among us?”, and the lady: “Who are you?”, and Robert. I am Robert, protagonist of this tale, and you are Helen the pain in the neck granny, do you remember?”, and the old lady, silently gazed him, Robert turned around and he seen alone the walls of house, but nobody technic, the director and walk on part and other; he begun to worry himself because the choreography was changed, and he turned continuously around, and he ascertained that all was changed, and out laud: ”Where the fuck I am now?”, and he gazed the old lady, and given the same question, and the lady: “On the set, and you today and you today were fourteen years, and you have had a big dread”, Robert after some moments: “Can I say fuck you?”, and Helen: “Certainly, but we are going follow you, because you are the protagonist”.

Alessandro Lusana          

         

 

The price of democracy

We are accustom think the democracy as an perfect system, but we consider it in the west countries, because other countries in the word think the democracy a failed of civility, it is the relative moralism, this is the customs that in a country are dominant, that is daily following of history of that country; it is as the our customs we have got custom that the democracy is free, and in fact nobody asks to us some money necessary to live in democracy, hence the price isn’t. It is present every day, how? It is the principal question, and the price of democracy is the lack of freedom of make the actions that one tribunal could judge illegal; the price are the laws, necessary certainly, but it is a price, the prohibition of every actions, legal or illegal, a price likewise necessary, because a state is a nation and no a brothel, hence the laws are necessary, but beyond the necessity the laws are also a price; when we says and judge ourselves as free, we are erring because the freedom is that whose the law recognize the legitimacy, hence the freedom of speak, think expression, write(otherwise I could be in jail or capital pain), and opinion, that is the think expressed, otherwise it is alone a mute opinion; but the law condemns the robbery, the homicide and other crimes, that are called so because it violets the proprieties of other; it is the price, the forgotten of to make everything; therefore the price is the freedom, the freedom of choose illegal actions, this liberty isn’t, and the cost is so, why? In common opinion it is necessary to civil living together, and it is normal for us, after I will consider origin of this think, because we have got custom to respect of rules, and never we think that these rules are limitations, limitations of our freedom, because we don’t think that the freedom is absence of rules, that are everywhere because necessary, but in unison it are also the limitations; in fact we can make everything when we are in owner house, alone and because in that place we are owner of ourselves and to decide every actions, because nobody can impede it, why? Simple because it isn’t, thereupon it can’t impede to us make something, we are alone, and we can make all. The second motive of this assay, why we are accustomed to respect of law? Simple because we are accustomed  once the childhood to respect of  some rule, the polite comportment during the dinner, to don’t say something that is impolite, to respect of guests, that are daily rules of every family, hence once the children’s age we have took the accustom of respect something, persons or things; this exercise is going to follow our life, thank it we think instinctively that the crime is wrong, because our freedom has already been limited once the childhood, through the politeness; whereby we pay the price of democracy for whole our life.

Alessandro Lusana             

 

 

 First motive in life and second in history

The study of history can be very boring of charming, it is alone from the student and from the will that we have to know that is occurred; it is simply obvious; hence the fuck you are allowed; but I want stress that very much arguments, in official history, are very marginal, and never considered, but some monography, of Raymond de Roover(1904-1972), The Medici bank. Its organization, management, operation, and decline is a very discover because tells a argument that is fundamental always, but that isn’t considered, in this case the money. Some example can to understand what is the writer what want explains: “In Florence, in the fifteenth century, there were three or four different credit institutions called bank in Italian…The first were pawnshop, operating under a public license which permitted the pawnbrokers to make secured by pledge of personal property at a legal rate of four pence per pound a month or 20 per cent a year…”; certainly this is alone a historical information that hasn’t importance for history; instead has its importance, because we can understand, or better, hypothesize what was the spending of lords for a war, and where these lords took the money; that are argument very practical and daily, that aid to understand that the times and morality a customs are changed, but the needs are identical, the municipalities, at last in Italy, can reach loans from banks for public needs, streets, schools and other; it is the reproof of continuity of history and its necessities; because fortunately today war are extern to our countries but, at last in Italy a weekend could be not without a war, who given the money? Who given the finance necessary to arms and other? We can hypothesize that this cash come from these banks, these pawnshop; therefore the entrepreneurial wit was present also in old times, and it is normal, but we can alone think, but through these information we can understand that the history is continuous repeat itself, certainly though better tools, more easy, but always equal, this is the same ways that are better but equal in its nature; thereby Hegel(1770-1831) was right, when he has said in Philosophy of universal history that: “The present is the improved past”; it is the truth; because the tools are improved certainly, but the ways are always same; we can know that in Florence were also the retails banks, that may say very scant to whom isn’t Italian, but the retails banks were the rescue for family during 20^th century, I can witness it; in fact the bank with name Monte di Pietà, the Mount of pity was a bank that I have seen thousand, at last to name, and the name is always seems very strange, but now I can know that this Mount was present in 15^th century, hence it is an institution that has financed lords, imperators, popes and kings; today could finance a robber, because could to make easier the robbery. Anyway these arguments are alone synthetic but it are essential for understand the history from the low states, that are the true determination of history.

Alessandro Lusana        

 

Mixed genres

Dora was a professional writer that often was engaged form cinema productions, directors of theater for comedies or other, but she written also to television, some soap opera and other. A task to a movie, a very boring history of love, that by now was past and ended before that the production begin, in fact much experts has tried to dissuade the director and the producer, from project, but twice known the genius of Dora, and the director has had worked and he has strongly recommended her to the producer. Alfred, the director, called on phone Dora and asked an idea for a movie; Dora was very enthusiastic for this task, but when she begun to write, she recognized that ideas was very scant, but Alfred has insisted and she, that known perfectly Alfred, and his persecution, because for other movie he has called Dora every day for two weeks, hence was opportune that Dora begun immediately; in fact she written some ideas, and after an hours, during she has researched in hers brain something, she though that nothing idea and therefore Alfred have to call other; anyway before this phone call she gone to kitchen and she drunk a cup of the, hers preferred beverage, while she was preparing the discourse for Alfred, and proved the dialogue; when she has ended tea, she seated to table, and looked, very swiftly, the sheets that were on the writing desk, and she seen that on the sheets were written some history, very short, but that she hasn’t written; thereupon she begun the read of these texts, and hers nature of writer allowed to hers to recognize steps and episodes that she has written in past years for other movies and theater. She read it and recognized that among different histories wasn’t tie. She cancelled soon the first page and tore up the sheets, after it she looked again the sheets and she was very impressed, because on sheets was the same text, she read again, and it was the same; she was in fair and soon phone called Alfred, and the answering machine said: “You have read that text but, usually you read some lines and after you leave it, now instead you must read and stop. This message is from Alfred”; she, more amazing than before, begun the read of these text, and contrary to hers think, she was involved, and continued the read, and she followed an history of love, type Juliet and Romeo, and after half page, in history entered the knight for the Crusade; that was very annoyed some time before now was normal; the sudden change of argument, from Verona in Italy to Jerusalem in Palestine was a considerable change, and the tales of Crusade was very involving, fights and knights, Muslims and Christian and Jewels; and after the poetic moment because Homer singed his Iliad and he told about the isle of sirens and Polyphemus and other; after a description of an art historical man, that explained a painting and a sculpture; after a history of mystery, thereby a pendulum and the protagonist in a dark room, as Poe. She continued the read as for as the night, and after three husband pages, she seen out and recognized that was very later; but involved from excitation called phone immediately Alfred, that wasn’t in home, and doorbell sounded and she gone immediately to open the door; and she had in front of Alfred, that gazed the writing desk and after her, and after again the writing desk and he gone toward it and asked: “Do you have ended? Because I must be harry…”, and Dora gazed him and asked: “Whom do you are speaking?”, and Alfred: “To your sister Magdalene”, and Dora: “Magdalene is died 12 years ago, and now isn’t here”, and Alfred: “Excuse her, dear Lena, but she is out of word”, Dora approached to him and she seen hers sister Lena, that asked: “Do you think that name Juliet is fit for a whore?”, and Dora, gazing the image of Lena: “But you are died”, and Lena: “This name is fit or no?”, Dora was gazing and Lena, while got up, said to Dora: “Mom offers the tea”, and Dora turned toward Lea: “I go at once”, and they gone to door; Alfred gone to door and closed it at once opened and toward the reader: “For to know if this movie has had success or no, you must see the movie after that somebody has directed it. Thank you”.

Alessandro Lusana

 

 

 

 

 

Involuntary fame: Adam Smith

Everybody follow of Adam Smith(1723-1790), during the read of his An inquiry into the nature and causes of the wealth of nations, where he tells about the obvious economic dynamics, that are daily for every families and person, that lives on the word, in fact the read is very boring, but the same Smith, I think, would have said that his fame as founder of liberalist think is absolutely false; he certainly would have said it in conformity both of his intellectual honesty and because his book is last result of opinion that the British country had from two centuries before of Smith, hence the fame of founder of liberalist or liberal think, in economic sense is liberalist or laissez faire, is absolutely involuntary. Today for copies sold of his book and gain he certainly would attribute to herself this merit; but, sometime occurs, he is died. Anyway his fame is both involuntary because he has took from other, as one is Sir William Petty(1623-1687), that in years 1662, written A treatise of taxes and contributions, he describes the same obviousness, but the motive that we can’t apart is that economy is real matter, daily matter and therefore can tie alone to daily and to obviousness; whereby also the petty has told alone the obviousness, and if somebody after the this treatise want shoot him, we inform that he is already died. Some step of this treatise can gives to us a taste of this obviousness:     He Publick Charges of a State, are, that of its defence by land and Sea, of its peace at home and abroad, as also of its honourable vindication from the injuries of other States; all which we may. call the charge of the militia , which commonly is in ordinary as great -as any other branch of the whole ; but extraordinary,(that is, 1n time of War, or fear of War) is much the greatest. another branch of the public charge is, the Maintenance of the governors, chief and subordinate; I mean, such not only as spend their whole time in the Execution of their respective Offices, but also who spent much in sickness themselves as well with abilities to that' is end…”, these is the obviousness, and other obviousness is from Smith: “The job made during an year is found from where every nation takes everything that are necessary and comfort for the life that during a year it consumes and that are from the immediately job or that changed to other nations can be reached. It is the first lines of An inquiry into the nature and causes of the wealth of nations; this is the obviousness, and these two treatises are written for distance of 114 years one form other, and it is simple the tale of economic dynamic, hence the economy is obvious and very easy, because everyday we must consider it, and independently from social class everyman considers it; but the sake of this essay is one, I want demonstrate that the this economic dynamic already was present, and when Smith written its treatise the England was already a nation that, from half of 17^th century, was busied in free commerce; in fact a step of Michel Beaud(The birth of capitalism, p.43) is explicative for this wit: “The England is busy, from begin of 17^th century, in colonial expansion. The Oriental Indians Company is created in year 1600 through the direct aid of queen Elisabeth: fifteen years after it has twenty filial in India, in the isles of extreme orient…”; it is the liberal trade that the liberalism the England is from 17^th century; thereupon Smith told that is evident from 176 years, whereby he is the late of almost 2 centuries, compliment dear Smith; but he would say: “I have written a treatise about economy, if after some idiot had though that I have written the Holy Bible of liberal economy, I haven’t guilt”.

Alessandro Lusana          

 

 

The need of compensation

I must thank Aristotle because her has taught, involuntary, to me his method fit to study both living and died, through the books that read; he has taught to me a speculative method, and the very short life human that I know, fortunately, because I prefer the died, this is the authors that the history has left to us; anyway I have could ascertained, very often, that the marriages, friendships or engagements are a compensation, this is the integration of something that we haven’t, the vivacity is often compensated from a character of other that is very silent, the fond is often accomplished from a detached character, and the life comes for vague tries of involve in this passionate nature also other, his husband or wife; but everything is born from a necessity of compensation, because unconsciously we know perfectly our nature and therefore we search something that is different, hence a compensation. In external rapports we make same thing, and when somebody is as us, we justify the detachment through the antipathy or other banal motives, necessary to justify the lack of compensation, because the similar characters, in opinion of Aristotle tie between them perfectly, certainly it is true, because every man feels whose he need, whereby a strong man could choose a strong woman but also a weak woman, in this last case it is the compensation, because the man searches the side of his character that by now he doesn’t feel; instead the man or woman that want a man strong or weak character near need of compensation, this is find an equilibrium, because it is the compensation, an equilibrium that can gives to us lack side; if we think rationally it we can understand that it is alone an egoistic research; because the compensation is a need alone our, personal without other motive; thereupon it is egoism. We can reach the equilibrium also through other tools, the objects, for example; we are charm from some object and to it we can find our compensation; often who has a limited sexual life has very much erotic fantasies, the schizophrenic images other conditions and life, that after he tells, aware that these are alone lies, but important is alone the satisfy his wit, this is the necessary compensation because out he doesn’t find attention, and the compensation is in his brain, this is think and imagine something. The paranoic is same, he is searching constantly the attention of other and when it lacks consequently he believes that everybody want harms him; it is the compensation, the satisfaction of owner egocentrism, the schizotypal is a asocial guy that compensates his solitude through the discourse and offences to the word whole; it is the compensation and that is human or alone imaginary is always compensation.

Alessandro Lusana      

 

The culte of incompetence: Roland Freart de Chambray

I confess that this title isn’t mine but I have took it from Emile Faguet(1847-1916), French literary critic that describes very fit the incompetence of some critic, through a critical retrospectivity we can picked the incompetence and the absolutely ignorance of other French, Roland Freart de Chambray(1606-1676), a French treat writer author of Idea of perfection of painting, that would be laughable if he wasn’t serious, because, I think has studied very much to tell these cucks up, we can begin with these prophetic words and I advise that we must read very well, because it is a scientific proof of human intellectual degeneration: “I suppose that every art has his principle, and whose is necessary the acknowledge to whom want make the job of artist…”, because if somebody want be a surgeon can operate without acknowledges, same exercise to the architect, engineer and police man and other, and after these saint cuck up her followed: “…we can hope of some progress in art, without a perfect acknowledge of its principles, that are of a very sublime contemplation, above all the perspective and the geometry, because lacking it the painting can’t exists.”; sincerely more read this author and more I search a capital pain for this idiot, may thrown among crocodiles, but I am dread that they would throw back, because, rightly, would say; he is a human and you have made it, hence you must solve this problem, otherwise we have to call the PETA. Fréart de Chambray naturally follows with his fantasies: “Those ancient painters…”, what is mystery, a name and paintings is necessary, but we would be to ask too much, and following: “…that has brought the painting to highest level of its perfection…they followed in their painting five parts, that are its fundamental principles…”; evidently Fréart de Chambray has seen and studies these painting that we can’t see but he has seen, but the name of painting, it is too much? He mentioned the name of a treatise writer Francois Junius(1591-1677), author of De pictura veterum, a collection of poetical steps and the painting representation, absolutely useless, hence very sit to Fréart de Chambray, that regard to invention explain something that we would not understand without this author: “About the invention. The invention, of the genius of paint a history, and have a idea about the subject that we want paint, it is the natural talent, that we can’t reached neither fro study nor for work, it is the fire of intellect…”; some body should remember to Fréart that Michelangelo(1475 –1564), he being a sculptor had very scant experience with painting and in fact were moulds for frescos technical, therefore the experience is necessary, it is obvious, but among very much cocks up one more is a number alone. Other information on this painting exercise: “About the proportion. About the proportion, this is the symmetry, and correspondence of every part, it is very easy a every brain can make it…the man can learn it without toil but alone following the geometry…”, but I think that we can also follow the widow of kill that some body, after the read of Fréart de Chambray, has decided to kill him, with advise that he don’t will shoot to forehead, because it would a bullet useless. Anyway Fréart de Chambray is necessary to understand how we don’t must write a treat.

Alessandro Lusana 

 

 

Thomas More and William Morris: two times but similar idea

Thomas More(1478-1535) William Morris(1834-1896) are lived in different times and epochs, but their ideas are very similar and we can understand it through connection with times, but a short note can aid us to understand the influence of More on Morris; in fact More has printed the Utopia of More in year 1893, it is alone a scant notice that hasn’t relevance, but it is instead great importance, because he evidently has had read Utopian of More and when he published the New from nowhere, one of major romance he kept in memory the narrative of More, because the Utopia, is a town that not exists, and that More imagined and descripted with more particulars, that are very near to Morris, the civil living together in the city of Utopia, the absence of grudge and absence of envy, lack of steal and robber because everything is common, production is alone to necessary, the govern that is elected directly from people; today it is normal, but during More’s time, this is during the reign of Henry 8^th (1491-1547) the monarchy was absolutely, and this think that was republican in that time was a very risk, it is sufficient think that More was decapitated in year 1535, because he was refused to recognize the supremacy of Henry 8^th on the British Church, he was condemned to capital pain for treason. He has descripted a word, or a city, this is Utopia, that is an inn to republican govern and model; I personally don’t think that he believed to a republican govern, because he was Chancellor of crow, hence he was very distant from this model. The influence on Morris is evident in description of Hammond, a older man that describes the country where he is living, that is England because he, in a step of romance, suggests to foreign, that is man of 19^th century, to go beyond the Channel, that divides French from England, hence he is in England; and Hammond describes a society that is perfect, where everybody makes the job that want, and the gain is alone in the work, this is the pleasure of to work, but the monetary gain isn’t, the decisions are took from majority, and when the citizens are discord every decision is send again, because important is don’t determine or create enmity; after a exasperation of socialism think of Morris is in other step, when the stranger asks to Hammond what rapports there are to stranger countries and Hammond answers: “…the whole system of rival countries  and in fight one other, that has had major part in the civil word, is disappeared with inequality between man and man in the society…” but a hide polemic to British conformism, although hide but there is, because Hammond answers to ask of foreign that asked if the lack of inequality become the word very boring, he says: “You go beyond the Channel and you are going to see the differences, in the land, in built, in the eat, in the way to amuse…”,; the question is where is the hide polemic? Simple in the character that Morris describes but beyond the Channel, in French, and it contradiction, because the town descripted from Hammond if is perfect and isn’t inequality, that is attests that differences are, why don’t describes the British difference? Why beyond the Channel in French? He could suggest to stranger of go out of house of Hammond and see the difference in country of Hammond; evidently Morris known perfectly the British society, and the equality was a motive essential to some social class, and it is the polemic, that was hide, but for attentive reader it emerges. Anyway the influence was very important and Morris’s The news from nowhere is the new Utopia, that also in the title is corresponding, because utopia from ancient Greek οὐτόπος means nowhere, therefore from the title this romance is the homage to More.

Alessandro Lusana

 Two roles

Richard: husband

Brigitte: wife

The writer

Two roles

Richard: husband

Brigitte: wife

The writer

Richard a husband of middle age that has a job very repetitive in an office of White House, office also important because he was the chief of this office that have to cure the international relation, and after he have to refer to his Department, through relations and reports that he read to Secretary of State and other during the meetings; when something was very wrong in the word he searched soon the justification to inform directly the Secretary; his principal duty was of consider the actions in the politic word, above in foreign states and express his opinion to fit strategy, and he was in White House by years because he was a common people but with very great policy intelligence, and every Secretary of State has kept him in that roll. Brigitte his wife was a secretary in an investment agency, she as Richard was graduate also she was very considered in his job, a woman very beauty, they has the same age; they were a very happy couple, in conformity to the common opinion, they haven’t sons and they lived to their jobs, when could they eaten together in a restaurant, by now usual the argument of they discussion was Fury, their dog, and some gossip, and the Saturday and Sunday when they were in home Richard read the journal and Brigitte looked the television, but contacts were, as to every couple, very limited. Naturally they have also lovers, Richard a secretary of 24 years that in comparison with Brigitte she was younger but certainly not more beautiful, actually she was in the medias beauty, instead Brigitte was very beautiful woman, much high, blonde and charming, a woman very elegant and always grave, never she has given some sign of humanity, or weakness through a smile. The Saturday and Sunday were the days of phones called, Richard was called always from his lovers and same to Brigitte, twice to be on the phones to each lovers, but jealousy by now was disappeared; they were a normal disinterested couple, very common, but they have decided that for their meeting with lovers in house it is forgotten, alone in hotel; they have reached the absolutely harmony, they were marriage because for external function and morality or conformism; Richard has had, during much years in his office and political job, much lovers and Brigitte likewise, they have grasped the equilibrium both interior that external, everything was perfect, and for the essence the marriage was already ended after two months, but their job ordered that the image was all. During one summer Sunday, Richard called Brigitte and asked: “Can you say the public that the this comedy is finished, thank you”, and Brigitte: “You sometime could make it”, and Richard: “Yes but now I must go to bath”, and Brigitte: “What I must say?”, and Richard: “Say that if they want we can welcome them tomorrow”, and Brigitte, to the public: “Ladies and gentlemen this performance is finished, we are sure that we have interpreted also your marriages, hence your performance, and here we have interpreted that you don’t want confess, thank you very much”, and the curtains were closed.

 Alessandro Lusana         

                       

 

The utopian republic of Thomas More

Thomas More(1478-1535) has been a British  politic, and humanist whose the more famous book is Utopian, this the isn’t town, that he describes in this book, the capital is Amauroto, where is also the Senate, where is tells that he has lived for five years, and the utopian sense of this city is given for a name of river, that is scant distant from the city, this is Anhydrous, from ancient Greek ἄνυδρος, this is without water, but a river without water isn’t a river; apart the geographic descriptions, very boring, interesting something is the common everything: “…every house has the door both back and ahead, and everybody can enter because they have everything in common…”, this is the first indication, alone hinted of More about this utopian republic, in the republic States the private propriety is present, but More follows the his address, this is utopian think and he amuses with description that in British monarchy and every monarchic country were an utopian think, the community of thing as the hinted pacifism, the he expressed in the following words where he describes summary the arms: “hence through the cannons of cocked stones…”, that can’t exist, but beyond the utopian description, the deep sense is toward the uselessness of armies, in conformity of Catholic think, this is the refuse of war. The election of judges is other utopian will of More, he describes the election of judges in Amauroto: “Every thirty families elect a judge…and other judge swear will elect the prince who is to common utility…”; this institution is took by More from Eliea(in ancient Greek ἡλιαία), this is the major tribunal composed from citizens for draw; it is other utopian think, because the figure of prince is the king, always hinted, that in think of More we can interpret as the custom of democracy, the election of a king, how today we make for democracy states. The humanistic nature of More is present in description of recreational activity: “ They read every day before dawn, and they above all that are elected to study.”, and the utopic think turns in this step: “But both men and female make it following their desire.”. More because an humanist hence very distant from practical life doesn’t describe what is possibility of this city to gain the life, but it is alone utopian description, therefore: “You can think that they work alone 6 hours can bear the discomfort of necessary thing, but it isn’t, actually they through the time of work they gain quite for every comfort; a right analysis of British and European society is hint in following words: “The first almost the females, that are the half of people work, and the men rest. How much crowd of priest and religious? The rich and noble and their families and servant…and rascal that are simulate hell, because idler, and you find that a little number gain to all.”, it is a description of European society, and it is descripted sometime through punctual observation. But he hinted also to republic state, not explicitly but alone through allusions. One note of economic organization is in these words, where More, speaking about the privileges, says: “Consider for these how much arts aren’t necessary it makes to service to lustful and from it it gain great gain. If the scant that work, were distributed in short arts of human to live comforter, the eat would be so scant price, that the men would have overflow.”; it is a think of republican state, because every state has based its survive on the work, it is logic and obvious, nothing state born on the idlers, but the sake of more is in this book to argue to the aristocracy class, it is evident. The confession of ideal model of state is in these words: “But in the Utopian republic, so well ordinated…”, it is confession of preference of More to republic; it is also the confession of, today would judge, of a radical chic, because More was the Lord Chancellor, hence he lived on the works, certainly merited this position, today would judge very less the death, for decapitation, therefore would well to ascertain if he would have accepted a republican govern; and other limit of More in the following words: “And somebody sumptuous isn’t content of his house in confront of other, they want one new and quit the primary house. But in the republic of Utopia very rarely it is built actually they provide before that it is occurs. “. Certainly right opinion but More doesn’t consider that these built give the work, hence the gain.   

Alessandro Lusana   

 

 

Scientific danger between pope and cardinals: Galileo Galilei

The process to Galileo Galilei(1564-1642), suffered a process in years 1633 because he held the Copernican theory of universe, that rightly hypothesized the sun in the center of universe; Galileo in fronted this process and he have to deny all his theory, alone formally because he after the Roman process gone in Pisa and other cities. Why the Church was so worry to theoretical adherence? We must consider the politic contest above all, because it is the first motive to deny validity to Galileo, and the first clue for hypothesize it is in a painting of Andrea Sacchi(1599-1661), a painter that painted a fresco very interesting fro this contest because it is the confutation of process to Galileo, in fact Sacchi, among 1629-1633, has painted the Allegory of Divine sapience(Fig.1), where he represented the word the is distant from sun and it isn’t to center, hence the fresco of Sacchi was an heretical painting or no? Certainly no, because the pope Urban 8^th has commissioned this painting, therefore the pope was heretical represented, or may Urban 8^th (1623-1644), of astronomy and other matters he didn’t care? The second hypothesize is certainly more credible, but repeat the historical context is important; because the Church has left much power in Europe, much nations were become Protestant and the danger that other follow this example was everyday present, hence to reinforce its power have to contrast every think or discovery that could contrast to scientific think of the Church. The witness, at last from depositions and documents of this process, a friar Father Caccini  has evidenced that he has heard Galileo that said other wrong opinions, type: “The miracles that it says made by Saints, aren’t true miracles. He has nominated some other witnesses and whole exam we have deducted that these opinion aren’t assertive neither of Galileo and his pupils, but alone in a disputation; and the confutation no of this evidence, because Galileo was Catholic, but the scientific discovery of Galileo is the fresco of Sacchi, above mentioned, because the verbal of process said: “Seen  in the book of solar spots printed in Rome two propositions, The sun is center of the word and every (planet) is immobile, the word isn’t the center of universe and every(planet) is mobile during the day: these thesis are judged absurd.”, the evidence of worry of Church for heresy is in following steps: “The first(opinion) is heretic both formally and repulsive to Holy written…”, it confirm the opinion, this is the worry for an eventually danger of heretic opinion. It is further confirmed from other words in same verbal: “For this the 25^th February 1616 our Lord(this is the pope Urban 8^th) to the mister cardinal Belarmino that he calls in front of herself Galileo and he gives precept that he not treats about the immobility of sun and the immobility of word”; it is the confirm that the Church was worry and the new discoveries would have lack its power also in scientific context; in fact Bellarmino give alone an order but he didn’t condemn these theories, in fact in fresco of Sacchi this theory is painted, evidently the pope Urban 8^th wanted alone to silence the Saint Uffizio, the institution of Church that judged the case of heresies; furthermore the fresco of Sacchi was painted in 1633, year of process to Galileo; it is evidences that it is alone a political position necessary to the Church and stop; and in fact after the process Galileo suffered the condemn of house arrest in Rome and after in Siena in palace of bishop Piccolomini and finally in his villa, near Florence, called the Jeweler. If he has been a heretic he would have bear sentence certainly more severe , and the bishop Piccolomini didn’t would guest him, thereupon that this accuse if heresy was untrustworthy, because a pope and a bishop has pay homage both directly and indirectly, for the fresco of Sacchi, to Galileo. Furthermore the deposition of Galileo: “He says that in year 1616 he gone to Rome for to hear that was opportune keep of opinion of Copernicus about the mobility of word and immobility of sun, and about this matter he has spoken to cardinals of saint Office and of cardinal Bellarmino”, if his opinions were heretical I doubt that Galileo have asked opinion to these cardinals; evidently the Church ascertained the importance of discoveries of Galileo, but he these thesis contrasted the Holy Bible the Church have to admit the Holy Bible has wrong  and it is would given a unhoped aid to Protestant confession, that would used this thesis to attack the Catholic confession.

Alessandro Lusana   

Fig.1

  

 

The true life of artist: Albrecht Dürer 

This essay around the life could be useless, because the artists are human and hence they has had same problems that every men has had, whereby the question is, how can we know it? An source are the letters of Albrecht Dürer(1471-1528) from Venice, during 1506; some step of the first letters attests it: “I know how much you do for me. And I beg of you be patient with my debt…”, the addresses is Wilibald Pirckheimer(1470-1530), student and humanistic from Nuremberg, and the worry of Dürer is evident in this step: “…for I think oftener of it than you do. As soon as God helps me to get home I will pay you honourably, with many thanks; for I have to paint a picture for the Germans, for which they are giving me no Rhenish gulden…”, the steps of this letter are necessary to understand that also who was busied in art was very human, Nietzsche(1844-1900) would say Human too, mentioning the title of one his book, but it is so, because Dürer asks patience to his debt and he specifis that: “I shall have finished laying and scraping the ground-work in eight days, then I shall at once begin to paint…”; from this step we can understand that also the work of painter, evidently wasn’t so good paid; we can deduct it from a step of this letter where he says that: “…and scraping the ground-work”, if he has been rich he wouldn’t have worked the ground then I shall at once begin to paint, and if God will, it shall be in its place for the altar a month after Easter …”; evidently the debt was serious, because he gives the assurances to his creditor, and more: “The money I hope, if God will, to put by; and from that I will pay you… for I think that I need not send my mother and wife any money at present;”, and the saving is very important for Dürer because he specified that: “I left 10 florins with my mother when I came away; she has since got 9 or 10 florins by selling works of art. Dratzieher has paid her 12 florins, and I have sent her 9 florins by Sebastian Imhof, of which she has to pay Pfinzing and Gartner 7 florins for rent. I gave my wife 12 florins and she got 13 more at Frankfort, making all together 23 florins…”; these very boring list of gains is necessary to documents that the life of an artist was very precarious because the artists were very much, and the concurrence was very strong; therefore we can welcome the artists and say to them: “Welcome to humankind”, but they would answer: “We are already in human gender you have daified us”, and they would have right, we are the burk; we can also comment that he could save the voyage in Venice, certainly but we must think that this journey were necessary to get inspiration to his job. But evidently beyond the inspiration is also the pride and the happiness to visit Venice, we would ask it to Dürer directly, but he is died, sometime occurs, and hence we can understand it for letters from Venice, he says: “…is well known, but that does not bother them have many good friends among the Italians who warn me not to eat and drink with their painters for many of them are my enemies and copy my work in the churches and wherever they can find it…”; we can think that is a note of custom, but the pride emerges from following words: “and copy my work in the churches…”, certainly some influence, on Giovanni Bellini(1430-1516), Giorgio from Castefranco, called Giorgione(1478-1510) and Tiziano Vecellio(1488-1576), because he painted in the Venetian church of Saint Bartholomew between years 1506-1507; but the influence was reciprocal, because the light of Dürer for this altarpiece is Venetian, and the composition, with Virgin on half of composition, is Venetian; in fact the Giorgione has followed Venetian composition for the altarpiece of Castelfranco; this reciprocity is natural in painting, the influences are natural, above all when a painter has success, therefore every costumer wanted a painting that equal the famous painter. But beyond the influences Dürer is a man and thereupon thought to gain, hence the step in regard the selling, in fact he summary describes the gain: “  First my willing service to you, dear Herr Pirkheimer. If things go well with you, then I am indeed glad. Know, too, that by the grace of God I am doing well and working fast. Still I do not expect to have finished before Whitsuntide. I have sold all my pictures except one. For two I got 24 ducats, and the other three I gave for these three rings, which were valued in the exchange as worth 24 ducats…”, other note that we can consider is that the endeavor of painters both in Venice and everywhere was the same, because the competition was very strong, and the note in regard human rapports is fleeting, but meaningful: “…but I have shown them to some good friends and they say they are only worth 22, and as you wrote to me to buy you some jewels…”, the simple words of a letter, whereby nothing that can interest, but if we consider good the words, that are fleeting, this is: “some good friends…”, because alone some? Evidently in endeavor of painters was already the privilege to have some friend, it is normal in contest of business, where good friends aren’t, but I among painters it can think that it is possible, but the restrict number, stressed from partitive adjective “some” shows that the completion was very hard, and the confirm of this opinion is reading the follow words: “And I have such a crowd of foreigners (Italians) about me that I am forced sometimes to shut myself up, and the gentlemen all wish me well, but few of the painters.”, where the confirm? Simple during the last words: “but few of the painters”, few is adjective that indicates a quantity very scant, therefore we are right that the endeavor of artists was a competitive. Following the read episodes and meaningful step of difficult condition emerges in 8^th march 1506, is evident that also to get the colors was argument of negotiation, this step shows it: “…and only after much entreaty could I get it for i8 ducats 4 marcelli from a man who was wearing it on his own hand and who let me have it as a favor…”; hence also the buy of a ring is a problem; but after the same ring is sold: “And as soon as I had bought it a German goldsmith wanted to give me 3 ducats more for it than I paid so I hope that you will like it”, this certainly boring steps are necessary to consider that the Renaissance beyond the exposition of art works, it was always same for money, and also a gift is motive to tell some episode, and above all the price. The nature of seller of Dürer is in other step where he prides his gift but with price: “Everybody says that it is a good stone, and that in Germany it would be worth about 50 florins”, but the nature of aspirant seller that Dürer wasn’t is in this step: “…however, you will know whether they tell truth orlies. I understand nothing about it.”, and the human nature is present in every town because the art of deceive is always present, thereupon: “had first of all bought an amethyst for 12 ducats from a man whom I thought was a good friend, but he deceived me, for it was not worth 7…”; the honesty is privilege. We can also know what is the price of an altarpiece that Dürer painted for Germans merchants in Venice, in 1506, a step of this letter says that: “They have summoned me three times before the magistrates, and I have had to pay 4 florins to their School. You must know too that I might have gained much money if I had not undertaken to make the painting for the Germans, for there is a great deal of work in it and I cannot well finish it before Whitsuntide; yet they only pay me 85 ducats for it.”, it is alone a note that hasn’t relevance, because important is that the work is present, but also know the price leads us to consider that evidently in Venice the company of the German merchants was very active and dynamic, because we must think that Venice was a city very rich for its merchants, hence the Germans were very relevant community. From these letters emerges also an human side, because Dürer in a letter of 25^th April says: “First my willing service to you, dear Sir. I Venice wonder why you do not write to me…”, it is the worry of Dürer that I have confused for 10 minutes how the human side, but this conviction is invalidated very soon in following letter, where is evident the motive of this preoccupation, because the addressee was certainly financier of journey of Dürer, and we can hypothesize it from compliment and praises that he given to Pirkheimer: “ 28th August, 1506.To the first greatest man in the world; your servant and slave, Alberto Dürer, sends salutation to his magnificent Master Wilibaldo Pirkamer. By my faith, I hear gladly and with great pleasure of your health and great honor, and I marvel how it is possible for a man like you to stand against so many…”, and that Pirkamer was the financier is proved from following words: “Thank you, too, for everything you are doing for me…”, certainly it was the money necessary. The money is the lack in every time and context, and for Dürer isn’t exception and the following words explained it: “But I cannot get away from here in two months, for I have not enough money yet to start myself off… as I have written to you before; and so I pray you if my mother comes to you for a loan, let her have lo florins till God helps me out”, evidently Dürer had not money, and it is evident, but other new emerges, and we can hypothesize that by now the sojourn in Venice was finished, because evidently nothing could attract Dürer; and the correct behavior emerges, because he promises to pay the debt: “Then I will scrupulously repay you the whole.”, Dürer has had also other friends that could give the money because he mentioned in this letter a German rich merchant Anton Kolb, that employed Jacopo de’ Barbari(1460-1516), that wanted a xylography very great of Venice to sell it in Germany; we can know this merchant alone to letters of Dürer. Other note is that also an artist could kept rapports typically speculative, in financier acceptation, because the two carpets, this new is in following words, that aren’t certainly very scant interesting, but it give other information about the preference of north Europe for Venice, as for commission to de’ Barbari, above mentioned: “And as for the two carpets, Anthon Kolb will help me to buy the most beautiful, from the broadest, and the cheapest.”. A new certainly important for print art is in the following words: A book printer of whom I enquired tells me that he knows of no Greek books that have been brought out recently…”; we can think that this Greek book was a printed of greatest typographer of 16^th century, this is Aldo Manuzio(1449-1515), that worked in Venice and there is died. The appreciations are certainly very important to an artist but nobody lives for praises, and it is reminded from Dürer: “  I have got much praise but little profit by it.”, but the human pride emerges from following words: “I have shut up all the painters, who used to say that I was good at engraving, but that in painting I didn't know how to handle my colors.”; it is typical reaction of every men in front of offense or belittle, that are considered always offences, whereby Dürer has reaction typical not alone of an artist, but of every men, and the satisfaction after this judge is: “Now they all say they never saw better coloring.”, we can think that this reaction of Venetian artists was determined from envy. May this condition o was valid alone to Dürer in Venice because in same letter he said: “You need not lend my wife and mother anything .They have got money enough.”; evidently the sojourn of Albert alone was difficult. This friend of Dürer, evidently have to be much appreciated because in letter of 23th September 1506 he has written: “Your letter telling me of the overflowing praise that you received from princes and nobles gave me great allegrezza(it is happiness)”, evidently this financier was esteemed from much princes and noblemen, above all because he can give loans, because the commends are alone for this. In the same letter he mentions other painting: “I must do likewise when I meet you again. Know also that my picture is finished, likewise another quadro(painting), the like of which I never made before.” We can hypothesize that these painting that Albert has mentioned are one portrait of the young man from Venice and other painting that without the summary description of subject we can’t identify. But in other letter in 23th September 1506 the subject is mentioned: “Know also that in four weeks at the latest I shall be finished here, for I have to paint first some portraits…”, and we can think that at last one of these portraits is of Venetian  young woman. The contradiction is evident because some letters ago he has denied a loan to his mother and wife because he have enough money, but now he says: “The other day I found a grey hair on my head, which was produced by sheer misery and annoyance.”; this grievance is may alone for economical condition that Albert lived in Venice, but the future evidently wasn’t so happy: “I am fated to have evil days”. , but in some occasion Albert can also hint to some gain: “As for your plea that I should come home quickly, I will come just as soon as I can ; but I must first gain money for my expenses. I have paid out about 100 ducats for colors and other things, and I have ordered two carpets which I shall pay for tomorrow…”, evidently there was the job, and it is proofed through the same letter, above all the steps: “I have paid out about 100 ducats for colors and other things, and I have ordered two carpets…”; for colors it is a right expense, but the carpets is very useless, but evidently the commissions to him were. And the following step is more clear: “…but I could not get them cheap.”, but if your economy is very scant you must buy it to cheap, or your economy wasn’t so poor? From following words it seems no, because to engage a master of dancing is very anomalous for the poor artist: “Know, too, that I decided to learn dancing and went twice to the school, for which I had to pay the master a ducat.”. Dürer hasn’t forgotten his principal job, this is the artist because he wanted go to travel to Bologna where a man taught to him perspective: “After that I should like to travel to Bologna to learn the secrets of the art of perspective, which a man there is willing to teach me.” The diary of his sojourn in the Low countries, from 1520 to 1521, is begun with a job, because he has told that, in July 1520: “…and presented to the Bishop a painted Virgin and a "Life of the Virgin," an "Apocalypse," and a florin's worth of engravings.”, Naturally the bishop has asked to him because his fame of engraver was very wide; but the ideal of theology must be tied to earth, hence the practical life must be provided, thereupon the money are considered, and the spends  are punctually signed: “I paid 6 florins in gold to the boatmen who took me from Bamberg to Frankfurt.”      

 

Alessandro Lusana    

   

 

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