First empire and after faith

This essay took origin from a note of Ludwig Baron von Pastor(1854-1928), the more eminent historical of popes in modern era, and he has told, in the first volume of his opera on popes from 15^th to 19^th centuries, the return of pope to Rome, with election of Martin 5^th(1369-1431), after the period that lasted for 68 years; during the Constance council(1414-1418), where the Church bore a reform very important to ecclesiastical customs and moral behaviors; but pastor has described also the imperial wills, this is Sigismund of Luxemburg(1368-1437), king of Bohemian, king of Hungary and Croatia, that in opinion of von Pastor: “To motive of this question born the vehement discussion about the reform, that Sigismund has defended with major conviction, and he didn’t save both menaces and flattery and insults, but he didn’t realize his intent”; we must also consider that then was born the idea and it developed the will of monks and religious men that the predominance, and thereupon the govern of Church must be of council and no of pope; why this opinion? Evidently after the Avignon period something, in theological conviction, was weakened, may that Rome isn’t the capital of Christianity, and the power of pope, this is the pope Clemens 5^th that was French decided his residence to Avignon, therefore a man decided it and no God, evidently the Church could govern by men, and the council was composed by men that could govern; hence the Church becomes human, and the reform of Church, so much would from Sigismund, has had the purpose this reform of papal power, why? Evidently because Sigismund that has had a vast empire has had interest that the Church didn’t has a political role, that during Avignon period hasn’t because saved the interest of France, thereupon the Europe could enjoy of very much independence, and the imperators and kings could work to his country and their power both in his country and out; this is the time of Henry 4^th, king of Germany, that in 1077 was kneeling on the snow to receive the pardon of Gregory 7^th pope, because he was excommunicated, and the electors were against to him. This time I repeated, was very afield both in chronological scale and the laic wit that by now was born and developed; thereupon the request of predominance of council and interests of state were political motives to reform of Church; in fact Sigismund asked the first the reform and after the election of pope, it is other political motive, because with reform of power of Church, that become of council Sigismund would have had major possibilities  of condition the power of Church, as has made the king of France, Philip 4^th , this is save his interest and his countries from papacy power. We can consider that this changement of wit is sign of modern time and think, the almightiness of pope was ended, and after 80 years Luther is going to reform, radically, the power of Church, although also that reform was alone to political motive and richness, but the common think about the Church was modified and very much.

Alessandro Lusana